Brooder heater



J. M. SARGEANT BROODER HEATER Filed Feb. '7, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jv M.SARGEANT BROODER HEATER 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. '7

MNN

Patented Dec. 2, 1924..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BROODER HEATER.

Application filed February 7, 1924. Serial No. 691,232.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. SARGEANT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elmira, in the county of Chemung and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Brooder Heat ers, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improved heater for use in connection witha brooder in which small chickens are kept until large enough to be letout in the open, and one object of the invention is to provide a heaterwhich is so constructed that it also forms a cover and will cause thehot air to be directed downwardly upon the small chickens when they arestanding beneath the hover-forming portion about the heater.

Another object of the invention is to provide a heater which is soconstructed that the warm air entering the brooder through the heatermay be directed downwardly upon the floor of the brooder therebypreventing cold air from accumulating upon the floor.

Another object of the invention is to so construct this heater thatfresh air may be drawn into the body of the heater so that the lamp willburn properly and so that a supply of fresh and warm air may be suppliedto the interior of the brooder and thereby keep the air in the brooderfrom becoming stale.

Another object of the invention is to so construct this heater that itmay be securely fastened to the floor of the brooder with a portion ofthe heater beneath the floor and a portion above the floor within thebrooder.

Another object of the invention is to so construct this heater that whenin place the lamp may be drawn upwardly from the oil reservoir throughthe heating drum or body of the heater and the oil reservoir filled withoil by means of a funnel passed downwardly through the air drum therebymaking it unnecessary to lift the brooder and remove the oil reservoirin order to permit the reservoir to be refilled with oil.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means for'mounting the lamp so that it may be easily removed and to so mount thelamp holder that when in place the lamp will be properly positioned andthe wick of the lamp viewed through a sight opening provided in the airheating drum.

Another object of the invention is to so construct this heater that anyoil which may drip from the wick as the lamp is withdrawn may drain backinto the oil res ervoir.

Another object of the invention is to so construct this heater that animproved valve may be provided to control the passage of fresh air intothe drum and thereby ermit the How of air into the body of the brooderto be controlled.

This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein 2-Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the brooder heater.

Figure 2 is a vow taken at right angles to the view shown in Figure 1and showing the brooder heater partially in side elevation and partiallyin section.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view taken along line 33 of Figure 2.

This improved heater is for use in connection with a brooder which maybe of any conventional construction and, in fact, may simply consist ofan ordinary packing box.

This brooder has its bottom 1 provided with an opening 2 so that theheater may be put in place and extend through the opening 2 therebypositioning the heater partially within the body of the brooder andpartially beneath the bottom or floor of the brooder.

This heater is provided with a hollow body or drum 3 which extendsthrough the opening 2 and is provided with a collar 4 which will besecured to the undersurface of the floor 1 by nails or other suitablefasteners so that the heater will be firmly secured to the floor andwillbe suspended from the floor of the brooder. The lower portion ofthis drum is provided with a concaved or tapered bottom 5 whichterminates in a threaded neck 6 which extends downwardly below the lowerend of the drum and is intended to be screwed into the upwardlyextending neck 7 of the oil reservoir 8. The necks 6 and 7 are of suchlength that when the neck 6 is screwed tightly into the neck 7 the loweredge of the drum 3 will fit tightly against the upper wall of thereservoir 8. It will therefore be seen that by means of the taperedbottom 5 any oil which may.

drip from the wick as the lamp is with drawn may be guided back into thereservoir by this tapered bottom and neck 6.

Openings 9 are provided in the drum above the bottom 5 so that air mayenter the drum to supply the necessary oxygen to the lamp. This drum isto serve as a conveyor for air and there has, therefore, been providedan inner annular wall 10 which is positioned in spaced relation to thewall of the drum and provided at its upper and lower ends with collarsl1 and 12 extending from the inner wall 10 to the wall 3 of the drum andthereby providing an air space 18 closed. at its upper and lower ends.Openings 14: are provided in the drum 8 adjacent the lower end of theair space 18 so that air may enter this space beneath the floor of thebreeder, and openings 15 are provideu in the upper end portion of thewall 10 so that the air after passing upwardly through this air space 13may pass through th se openings 15 and then upwardly to a point abovethe wall 10 and out into the breeder through the out let openings 16. Aremovable cap 17 has been provided for closing the upper end of the drumand causing warm air to pass out through these openings 16 beneath thehover 18. This hover 18 is in the torm of a disc secured about the upperend portion of the drum 3 and curved to slope downwardly towards itsperiphery and therefore cause the warm air to be directed downwardlytowards the floor and upon the backs of the small chickens gatheredabout the drum beneath the hover. A. valve ring 19, which is providedwith openings 20, is rotatably mounted. about the portion of the drum 3having the openings 14: formed therein so that by proper adjustment otthe ring 19 which forms a valve or damper, the openings 20 thrnreo'l maybe moved into and out of registry with the openings 14 and the amount offresh air passing into the air space 13 controlled.

A lamp 21 which is used in connection with this heater is of anoil-burning type and is provided with a base including a collar 22having openings 23 tormed therein so that the air passing through theopen ings 9 into the lower end portion of the drum may feed throughthese openings 23 and provide the necessary oxygen for proper burning ofthe lamp. This collar carries the usual. chimney 24: which may be formedoi glass so that when the lamp is in place the person having charge ofthe brooder may look through the opening 18 at the mirror 36 mounted inoperative relation to the aligned sight openings 25 and 25 provided inthe walls 3 and 10 of the heater and readily see it the lamp is burningproperly. The lower end of the lamp base fits loosely in the neck 6extending from the bottom 5 of the drum and the wick 26 extends throughthe neck 6 and '7 into the oil reservoir 8. This lamp is not permanentlyconnected with the neck of the heater but fits loosely in it and,therefore,

can be easily lifted. upwardly out of the heater through the open upperend oi the drum when the cover 17 is removed. In order to permit thelamp to be easily removed or put in place and -further to permit of itsbeing properly held in place when in use, there has been provided ahanger or bracket 27 which formed of wire bent to provide a lower crossarm 28 and up wardly extending arms 29 and 30. The arm 29 is turnedinwardly, as shown at 31. and engaged with the collar 22 of the lamp andthe arm 30 extends upwardly and of su h length that when the lamp is inplace the arm 30 will extend upwardly above the wall 10 so that an eyeor head 32 provided at its upper free end may be easily gripped in orderto draw the bracket and lamp upwardly out of the heater. Verticallydisposed guide strips (3 and 34 are provided at opposite sides of theinner wall 10 so that when the lamp and bracket are put in place thearms 29 and 80 of the bracket may fit between the guide strips whichwill serve to guide the slidingmovement of the bracket to retain thelamp in the proper position whcn put in place and prevent it fromtilting transversely. Therefore. the lamp cannot fall over and either goout or possibly cause a fire which would destroy the broodcr and smallchickens.

When this heater is to be used. the drum pa sod upwardly through theopening provided in the floor of the brooder and the tasttuiers are thenpassed through the collar t to securely hold the drum in place. The oilreservoir can then be screwed into eugagz oment with the neck 6 of: thedrum and the hover 18 put in place. The oil may be supplied to thereservoir before it is put in place or a funnel having a lone. spout maybe passed downwardly through the annular wall or drum l0 and the oilpoured through this funnel so that it passes throiiigh the neck 6 intothe reservoir. This last method of filling the reservoir will been'iiiiloyed utter the heater has been installed and the reservoirreouires re-filliufr. Attei' the reservoir is tull. the lamp togetherwith its bracket 52'? will be put in place. the lamp bein first lightedand the arms of the i311, not will fit between strips and 34- so thatthis bracket and the lamp carried thereby will be propcrl positioned.The chimney of this lamp may he of transparent material or may be formedof metal and provided with an opening 35 which will be aligned with theopenings 25 and 25 so that the burning wick may be reflected into themirror through the aligned openings and viewed through the opening 37.After the lamp has been put in place and is burning properly the cover17 will be put in place and the brooder is ready tor use.

During operation of this heater the air which is to supply oxygen to thelamp passes inwardly through the openings 9 and passes into the collar22 of the lamp through the openings 23 thereof. The heat rom this lampserves to thoroughly heat the inner wall 10 and the air which enters theair space 13 through the openings 14 will pass upwardly about this innerwall and become thoroughly heated. This air, when it reaches the upperend of the air space, passes through the openings 15 directly into theinterior of the drum 3 above the upper end portion of the lamp chimney24: so that it mixes with the very hot air passing out of the upper endof the chimney. This air passes upwardly in the drum 3 after passingthrough the openings 15 and accumulates in the top of the drum andpasses outwardly through the openings 16 formed about the upper endportion of the drum. This air which passes through the openings 16passes out of the heater below the hover 18 and since the hover extendsat. a downward incline towards its periphery, the warm air will bedirected downwardly towards the floor of the brooder so that it will bethrown down upon the backs of small chickens gathered about the heaterbelow the hover and will keep them from becoming cold. It should befurther noted that since this warm air is directed downwardly by thehover it will be thrown downwardly upon the floor of the brooder andwill serve to drive away any cold air attempting to accumulate in thebottom of the brooder. Therefore, the bottom. of the brooder will bekept warm and the small chickens prevented from being chilled. This airmoves through the brooder and out through the upper end thereof andtherefore a supply of fresh air is constantly passing through thebrooder so that stale air is prevented from accumulating in the brooder.

Vlhat is claimed is 1. A brooder heater comprising a drum having innerand outer annular walls, the inner wall terminating in spaced relationto the ends of the outer wall and having flanges extending to the outerwall and providing heads for an air chamber between the walls, the outerwall having air inlet openings communicating with the lower end portionof the air chamber and outlet openings above the air chamber, the innerwall having air outlet openings communicating with the upper end portionof the air chamber, a hover positioned about the upper end of the outerwall for directing air passing through the outlet openings thereofdownwardly, a cover for the upper end of the drum, and heating means inthe drum.

2. The structure of claim 1 having the outer wall of the drum providedwith a concaved bottom adjacent its lower end and terminating in adepending neck, a fuel reservoir fitting against the lower end of theouter wall and provided with a neck removably engaged with the neck ofsaid bottom, the heating means consisting of a lamp having a baseextending into the necks and wick extending through the necks into thereservoir, the outer wall being provided with air inlets below the airchamber.

The structure of claim 1 having the heating means consisting of a lampin the drum, the walls of the drum being provided with aligned openingsfor permitting viewing of the burning lamp.

4. The structure of claim 1 having the heating means consisting of alamp in the drum, the walls of the drum being provided with alignedopenings for permitting viewing of the burning lamp, a reflector mountedexternally of the drum in operative relation to the aligned sightopenings, and a hover upon the upper end portion of the drum having asight opening therein above said reflector.

5. A. brooder heater comprising a drum open at its upper end, a hoverhaving a central opening receiving the upper end of the drum, aremovable closure for the open end of the drum, guides extendingvertically in the drum and comprising strips disposed vertically in thedrum at opposite sides thereof, a bracket moved into and out of the drumthrough the upper end of the drum and substantially L-shapcd in formhaving its forwardly extending arms slidabl engaged with the guidestrips and the longer extending to a point adjacent the upper end of thedrum, and a heater carried by said bracket.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aiiix my signature.

JOHN M. SARGEANT.

